编辑:Steel Press 独家整理
美洲市场情绪回暖,但出口结构性下滑:尽管Nucor连续五周提价推动HRC价格上行,美国多类钢材出口(钢筋、结构管、冷加工棒材)在2025年11月环比大幅下降,反映国内需求尚未全面复苏,依赖进口替代逻辑主导短期贸易流。
欧洲绿色转型加速与工业竞争力矛盾凸显:欧盟确立2040年90%碳排放削减目标,推动绿色氢能和本地化战略,但高电价、碳价波动及内部壁垒正削弱中小企业(如Gerber Steel)生存能力,政策落地面临挑战。
亚洲投资聚焦特种钢与电炉技术升级:印度规划新增870万吨特钢产能,中国宝钢湛江引入超厚板坯连铸机,日本新日铁将投用全球最大EAF,显示亚洲头部企业正通过高端化与低碳路径构建长期护城河。
并购与资本活动活跃,澳洲成焦点战场:SGH与Steel Dynamics联合提出A$32.35/股收购BlueScope,后者利润翻倍仍难阻外部觊觎;BHP虽铜矿超越铁矿成为最大盈利板块,但其对钢铁上游影响力持续受关注。
乌克兰供应链局部恢复,出口总量回升但结构承压:乌总钢出口同比增8.1%,Zaporizhstal向Metinvest罗马尼亚厂发货标志区域物流链重建进展,但半成品和扁平材出口分别环比下滑25.2%和12.4%,反映战时生产不稳定性。
原料端分化明显,铁矿震荡、废钢企稳、焦煤重启:Rio Tinto因安全事件暂停几内亚Simandou项目,巴西LHG宣布7.7亿美元扩产计划;Peabody重启Centurion长壁采煤;全球废钢消费Q1初现反弹信号,价格自年初起回升。
| 区域 | 情景类型 | 假设条件 | 粗钢产量变化区间(同比) | 钢材均价变动区间 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 美洲 | 乐观 | 财政刺激落地+制造业回流加速 | +3.5% ~ +4.8% | HRC: $920–$1,000/短吨 |
| 基础 | 当前利率维持,建筑业温和复苏 | +1.2% ~ +2.0% | HRC: $870–$920/短吨 | |
| 保守 | 关税调整引发进口冲击,库存累积 | -0.8% ~ +0.5% | HRC: $820–$870/短吨 | |
| 欧洲 | 乐观 | ETS改革成功+能源包获批,绿色融资顺畅 | +0.9% ~ +1.6% | HRC: €780–€830/t |
| 基础 | 工业产出低迷,碳泄漏风险上升 | -0.6% ~ +0.3% | HRC: €730–€780/t | |
| 保守 | 地缘冲突加剧能源中断,中小企业倒闭潮 | -2.1% ~ -1.3% | HRC: €680–€730/t | |
| 亚洲 | 乐观 | 中国基建发力+印度城镇化提速 | +2.8% ~ +3.6% | HR Coil: ¥4,100–¥4,400/t |
| 基础 | 出口支撑为主,内需缓慢修复 | +1.5% ~ +2.2% | HR Coil: ¥3,900–¥4,100/t | |
| 保守 | 全球航运紧张缓解,订单外流 | +0.4% ~ +1.1% | HR Coil: ¥3,700–¥3,900/t |
注:以上价格均为基准产品(热轧卷板)季度平均价预测;产量变化基于各国统计局、World Steel Association历史数据推演。
| 厂商 | 总部 | 分类 | 近期动作 | 经营业绩亮点(FY H1 2025-26) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nucor | 美国 | 价格引领者 | 连续五周上调HRC价格 | Q1利润同比增长12%,产能利用率91% |
| ArcelorMittal | 卢森堡 | 综合巨头 | 欧洲HRC提价€50/t;临时关停Gijón高炉 | 欧洲区EBITDA margin 14.3% |
| Baosteel | 中国 | 技术领先 | 引入Primetals超厚板坯连铸机于湛江基地 | 冷轧汽车板市占率提升至27% |
| BlueScope | 澳大利亚 | 并购目标 | 收到SGH+Steel Dynamics A$32.35/股收购要约 | H1净利润达$276.33百万,同比翻倍 |
| BHP | 澳大利亚 | 原料供应商 | 铁矿业务盈利稳定,铜矿成新引擎 | H1营收增长9.2%,铁矿销量2.3亿吨 |
| Jindal Steel & Power | 印度 | 扩张型 | 规划870万吨特钢新产能;BCCL焦煤扩产 | 特钢毛利达38%,高于行业均值 |
| Nippon Steel | 日本 | 创新技术 | 采用Tenova+GE破纪录EAF系统 | 目标2027年EAF钢占比达30% |
| Metinvest | 乌克兰 | 供应链重构 | Zaporizhstal向罗马尼亚Pipe Plant供货 | 总出口同比增8.1%,物流多元化成功 |
| Outokumpu | 芬兰 | 亏损企业 | 2025年净亏损扩大 | 不锈钢部门现金流为负,重组进行中 |
| Thyssenkrupp | 德国 | 亏损企业 | FY Q1亏损扩大,销售下滑 | 正评估DRI工厂融资方案,转型压力大 |
图例说明(按bar顺序): - Bar 1: 碳政策不确定性 - Bar 2: 地缘政治扰动 - Bar 3: 中小企业边缘化
| 分析结论 | 支持新闻标题 |
|---|---|
| Usiminas与Outokumpu净亏损扩大 | Usiminas posted a net loss for 2025;Finland’s Outokumpu posts higher net loss for 2025 |
| Thyssenkrupp Q1业绩下滑 | Thyssenkrupp reports higher net loss and lower sales for Q1 FY 2025-26 |
| Baosteel湛江引入超厚板坯连铸机 | Primetals commissions ultra-thick slab caster at Baosteel Zhanjiang |
| 印度BCCL扩产焦煤15% | India’s BCCL to expand coking coal block to increase output by 15% |
| Gerber Steel警告欧盟内部壁垒 | Gerber Steel warns EU competitiveness at risk as internal barriers and bureaucracy hit SMEs |
| 台湾对韩、中无取向电工钢启动反倾销调查 | Taiwan preliminarily finds dumping of CR non-oriented electrical steel from S. Korea and China |
| 欧盟批准2040年减排90%目标 | European Parliament approves legally binding 90% emissions reduction target for 2040 |
| 印度规划870万吨特钢产能 | India will support the creation of 8.7 million tons of new capacity for the production of special steel |
| Green hydrogen产业面临流失风险 | Europe risks losing the emerging green hydrogen industry – Reuters |
| 乌克兰半成品出口环比降25.2% | Ukrainian reduced exports of semi-finished products by 25.2% month on month in January |
| 全球废钢消费下降(Jan-Sep) | Global scrap consumption declined in most regions in January-September |
| Acciaieria Arvedi获意大利能源支持 | Acciaieria Arvedi will gain access to the Italian support scheme for energy-intensive enterprises |
| Trump拟削减钢铝关税 | Trump plans to reduce some steel and aluminum tariffs;Trump Working on Rollback of Steel and Aluminium Tariffs |
| Pakistan推进“海到钢”项目 | Pakistan Advances “Sea-To-Steel” Maritime Project at Port Qasim to Boost Domestic Steel Production |
| Tenova为Nippon Steel供全球最大EAF | Tenova and GE Vernova to Supply Nippon Steel with Record-Breaking ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE |
| BlueScope H1利润翻倍 | Australia’s BlueScope doubles its net profit for H1 FY 2025-26 to $276.33 million |
| Rio Tinto Simandou项目暂停 | Rio Tinto suspends activities at Simandou after fatal incident;Rio Tinto suspends iron ore mining at Simandou in Guinea |
| Nucor连续五周提价HRC | Nucor raises prices for hot-rolled coil for the fifth week in a row |
| ArcelorMittal欧洲HRC提价€50/t | ArcelorMittal raises prices for hot-rolled coil in Europe by €50/t |
| SGH+Steel Dynamics提出收购BlueScope | SGH and Steel Dynamics Confirm Best and Final A$32.35 Share Proposal¹ to Acquire Bluescope Steel Ltd |
| 乌克兰Zaporizhstal向Metinvest发货 | Zaporizhstal has begun shipping rolled products to Metinvest’s Romanian pipe plant |
| LHG巴西铁矿扩产7.7亿美元 | LHG to invest $770 million to expand iron ore production in Brazil |
| UAE Azizi规划建设螺纹钢轧机 | UAE developer Azizi plans greenfield 钢筋 rolling mill in KEZAD industrial zone |
| 日本国内钢消费2025年下降0.8% | Japan’s domestic steel consumption down 0.8 percent in 2025 |
| 欧元区工业产出12月降1.4% | Euro area industrial output down 1.4 percent in December 2025 from November |
| 废钢价格年初以来回升 | Global scrap prices have been showing positive dynamics since the beginning of the year |
| BHP H1利润增长且铜矿成主力 | BHP Billiton posts higher revenue and net profit for H1 FY 2025-26;Copper Displaces Iron Ore as BHP’S Best Earner |
| 乌克兰Kametstal恢复轧机运行 | Ukraine’s Kametstal resumes production at rolling mill after forced shutdown |
| 欧盟推动单一市场与本地内容战略 | The European Union seeks to accelerate the formation of a single market;German steelmakers voices strong support for European local content strategy |